2018年3月，根据第十三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议批准的国务院机构改革方案，组建中华人民共和国国家国际发展合作署（以下简称“国合署”），拟订对外援助战略方针、规划、政策，统筹协调援外重大问题并提出建议，推进援外方式改革，编制对外援助方案和计划，确定对外援助项目并监督评估实施情况等。
In March 2018, in accordance with the State Council’s institutional plan approved at the 1st session of the 13th National People’s Congress, the China International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA) was established to formulate strategic guidelines, plans, and policies for foreign aid, coordinate and offer advice on major foreign aid issues, advance the country’s reforms in matters involving foreign aid, identify major programs and supervise and evaluate their implementation. Specific assignments will be allocated to different departments.
本期《世界知识画报·外交视界》荣幸地邀请到国家国际发展合作署署长罗照辉为读者介绍国合署的发展历程和重点工作。
In this issue of World Affairs Pictorial · Foreign Affairs Horizon, we are honored to invite Mr. Luo Zhaohui, Chairman of China International Development Cooperation Agency, to introduce the development and focus of the CIDCA to our readers.
2012年1月28日，中国政府援建的非洲联盟会议中心在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴落成。
On January 28, 2012, African Union Conference Center funded by Chinese government was inaugurated in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
外交视界：罗署长，请您简要介绍国合署成立5年来取得了哪些成绩？最大亮点是什么？
Foreign Affairs Horizon：Mr. Luo, would you please briefly introduce the achievements of the China International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA) in the past 5 years since its establishment? What are the major highlights?
罗照辉：5年时间，与新中国援外74年历史相比很短，但5年成绩可圈可点。
Luo Zhaohui：In comparison to the 74-year history of China’s foreign aid, 5 years is relatively short, yet the five-year accomplishments are remarkable.
最大亮点，当属引领抗疫国际合作。在百年变局叠加、世纪疫情背景下，在习近平主席亲自指挥和部署下，我们开展了新中国成立以来规模最大、时间最长的紧急人道主义救援。我们以大国担当引领国际抗疫合作，向160多个国家和国际组织提供大批抗疫物资,向110多个国家和国际组织提供超过22亿剂疫苗。全球使用的每3支新冠疫苗中就有1支是中国提供的。多国元首向习近平主席致谢，30多国总统、总理到机场出席疫苗援助交接仪式，并带头接种中国疫苗。国际媒体广泛报道，形象地将中国疫苗称为“及时雨”。当然，疫情初期时，国际社会对我国抗疫紧急驰援，我们铭感于心。
The most significant highlight undoubtedly lies in spearheading international cooperation during the pandemic. Amid the backdrop of unprecedented changes and once-in-a-century pandemic, under the personal leadership of President Xi Jinping, we carried out the largest-scale and longest-duration humanitarian relief since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Assuming the role of a responsible major country, we spearheaded international collaboration against the pandemic, providing a substantial amount of anti-pandemic supplies to over 160 countries and international organizations, and delivering more than 2.2 billion vaccine doses to over 110 countries and international organizations. One out of every three COVID-19 vaccine doses used globally comes from China. Heads of state expressed their gratitude to President Xi Jinping, and leaders from more than 30 countries attended vaccine handover ceremonies at the airport in person, and were among the first to get vaccinated with Chinese dose in their countries. The International media widely reported the events, comparing China’s vaccine to the “timely rain”. We, in turn, will always remember the emergency assistance extended to China by the international community at the initial stages of the pandemic.
In addition to cooperating with the international community to fight the pandemic, we have done the following over the past 5 years:
全力落实全球发展倡议。2年前，习近平主席顺应时代大势、呼应各国需求，提出全球发展倡议，发出了聚焦发展、重振合作的时代强音。2022年，习近平主席又提出落实倡议的32项举措。国合署还与国际金融机构亚洲基础设施投资银行合作，同时推出20亿美元资金，推进倡议走深走实。目前，“全球发展和南南合作基金”顺利运转，全球发展促进中心已经成立，200多个“小而美”项目已经上马。就在7月，国合署刚刚举办全球共享发展行动论坛首届高级别会议，习近平主席专门发来贺信，158个国家的千余名代表与会，会上宣布共建全球发展项目库、资金库。
Fully implement the Global Development Initiative (GDI): Two years ago, President Xi Jinping in response to the global trend and the needs of various countries, put forth the GDI, calling on the international community to focus on global development and revive cooperation. In 2022, President Xi Jinping announced 32 measures under the GDI. CIDCA has also collaborated with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, launching a 2 billion USD fund to advance the initiative in a steady and sustained manner. Currently, the “Global Development and South-South Cooperation Fund” is operating smoothly, the Global Development Promotion Center has been established, and over 200 “small yet smart” projects have commenced. Just in July, CIDCA held the First High-Level Conference of the Forum on Global Action for Shared Development. President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory message. More than 1,000 delegates from 158 countries attended the conference. It was announced at the conference that joint efforts would be made to put in place a global development project repository and fund pool.
2023年7月9日至10日，由国家国际发展合作署主办的全球共享发展行动论坛首届高级别会议在北京举行。罗照辉署长出席开幕式并发表欢迎致辞。
The First High-Level Conference of the Forum on Global Action for Shared Development, hosted by the China International Development Cooperation Agency, was held in Beijing from July 9th to 10th, 2023. Chairman Luo Zhaohui attended the opening ceremony and delivered welcoming remarks.
2023年6月16日，国家国际发展合作署署长罗照辉会见来华访问的美国盖茨基金会联席主席比尔·盖茨。
On June 16, 2023, Luo Zhaohui, Chairman of the China International Development Cooperation Agency, met with Bill Gates, co-chairman of the Gates Foundation of the United States.
2022年11月12日，杂交水稻援外与世界粮食安全国际论坛在京举行。罗照辉署长会后与各方共同参观展览。
On November 12, 2022, the International Forum on Hybrid Rice Assistance and Global Food Security was held in Beijing. Chairman Luo Zhaohui visited the exhibition together with all parties after the meeting.
推进高质量共建“一带一路”。倡议提出10年，“一带一路”已经开花结果，中巴经济走廊建设可圈可点，中老铁路成功运营，雅万高铁顺利推进，东部非洲有了第一条高速公路。很多国际人士致信中国领导人表示感谢。同时，中国高度重视债务减免，没有一个国家因参与“一带一路”而陷入债务危机。
Advancing High-Quality Belt and Road Cooperation: The Belt and Road Initiative, proposed a decade ago, has yielded fruitful results. Notable progress can be seen in the construction of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, the successful operation of the China-Laos Railway, the smooth advancement of the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway, and the establishment of the first expressway in East Africa. Many international figures have written letters to Chinese leaders, expressing their appreciation. Moreover, China places high importance on debt relief, ensuring that no country falls into a debt crisis due to participation in the Belt and Road Initiative.
引领南南发展合作成效显著。我们通过成套项目、技术援助、紧急人道主义援助、人力资源培训等方式，为促进全球共同发展，特别是改善发展中国家经济社会民生作出贡献，实施6000多个民生项目。同时，注重拓展三边、多边合作，与联合国等10多个国际组织、社会组织合作，在50多个国家实施了一批民生小项目。不久前，中国推动金砖实现历史性扩员，“全球南方”力量进一步整合，南南发展合作再上新台阶。
Leading South-South Development Cooperation with Notable Results: Through complete projects, technological assistance, emergency humanitarian aid, and human resources training, we have contributed to global common development, and helped enhance the economic and social well-being of developing countries with over 6,000 livelihood projects. In the meantime, we attach importance to expanding trilateral and multilateral cooperation, working with more than 10 international organizations and social groups, including the United Nations, to implement a range of small livelihood projects in over 50 countries. Recently, China facilitated a historic expansion of the BRICS, further consolidating the “Global South” and elevating South-South development cooperation to a new high.
共享治国理政经验。中国式现代化为人类实现现代化提供了新选择。中国授人以鱼，也注重授人以渔，积极分享治国理政经验，支持发展中国家探索符合本国国情的可持续发展道路，帮助发展中国家推进治理水平和治理能力现代化。迄今，我国共为相关国家培养各领域人才40多万名。南南合作与发展学院已在北京大学成立，迄今为70多个国家培养了300多名硕士博士。这个学院是习近平主席8年前在联合国宣布成立的。我们还在非洲援建了尼雷尔领导力学院。
Sharing Governance Experience: China’s path to modernization offers a new alternative to realizing modernization. In China we believe that we should not only give people fish, but also teach them how to fish. We actively engage in sharing governance experience, support developing countries in exploring sustainable development paths suited to their national reality, and assist them in enhancing and modernizing their governance capacity. To date, China has trained over 400,000 professionals in various fields for various countries. The Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development has been established at Peking University, having trained over 300 masters and doctoral graduates from over 70 countries. The institute was inaugurated by President Xi Jinping at the United Nations 8 years ago. Additionally, China has assisted in the construction of Nyerere Leadership School in Africa.
2022年6月30日，国家国际发展合作署署长罗照辉应邀出席联合国开发计划署“提升赋能环境 助力延庆区残疾人士实现共同富裕项目”启动仪式，并发表讲话。
On June 30, 2022, Luo Zhaohui, Chairman of the China International Development Cooperation Agency, was invited to attend the launching ceremony of “Creating an Enabling Environment for People with Disabilities in Yanqing District” hosted by UNDP and delivered remarks.
2023年2月10日，国家国际发展合作署署长罗照辉会见来华访问的尼加拉瓜总统投资、贸易和国际合作顾问劳雷亚诺·奥尔特加。
On February 10, 2023, Luo Zhaohui, Chairman of the China International Development Cooperation Agency, met with Laureano Ortega, advisor on investment, trade and international cooperation to Nicaraguan president.
2023年1月9日，国家国际发展合作署署长罗照辉应邀出席巴基斯坦灾后重建与气候韧性国际会议并讲话。
On January 9, 2023, Luo Zhaohui, Chairman of the China International Development Cooperation Agency, was invited to attend and address the International Conference on Climate Resilient Pakistan.
外交视界：国合署为什么不叫“对外援助署”，而称“国际发展合作署”？
Foreign Affairs Horizon：Why is the China International Development Cooperation Agency named as such instead of “Foreign Aid Agency”?
罗照辉：这个问题问得好。2018年国际发展合作署成立，党和国家机构改革方案没有选择“对外援助”这个“曾用名”，而是赋予国合署“国际发展合作”的新名称。这是新时代背景下，党中央、国务院对中国对外援助向国际发展合作转型升级提出的高度期许和明确要求，为促进对外发展领域合作转型升级提供了重要机制保障。
Luo Zhaohui：That’s a good question. In 2018, when the China International Development Cooperation Agency (CIDCA) was established, the reform plan for the Party and state institutions decided on the name “China International Development Cooperation Agency”, instead of “Foreign Aid Agency”. It embodies the high expectations for and clear requirements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, that is, to transform China’s outbound assistance into international development cooperation in the new era. This decision provides an important institutional guarantee for the work of transformation and upgrading in this regard.
近些年来，联合国等国际组织反思官方发展援助的局限性，将传统的发展援助内涵外延逐步拓展为更加多元的国际发展合作，强调可持续发展援助，致力于打造各国内生发展动力，以“发展合作伙伴”替代传统的援助国、受援国概念。
In recent years, international organizations such as the United Nations have reflected on the limitations of traditional official development assistance, and worked to transform development assistance into international development cooperation. This approach emphasizes sustainable development assistance and aims to help countries develop their inherent driving force for growth. The concept of “development cooperation partners” has been introduced to replace the traditional notions of “donor” and “recipient” countries.
国合署成立以来，认真履行党中央赋予的职责使命，坚持守正创新。在坚持自身特色同时，对接国际惯例，加强塑造引导，不断探索新方式新领域，推动对外援助内涵外延向国际发展合作转型升级。从传统的单向、输血式援助，向双向互利、造血式发展合作转型升级；从政府为主，向政府、地方、社会、国际组织等多元援助主体转型升级；从援助—受援传统模式，向以援助、贸易、投资相结合，政府财政、社会基金、企业资金、国际融资相结合为特点的国际发展合作转型升级。
Since its establishment, CIDCA has diligently fulfilled the mission entrusted by the Party Central Committee, and innovated on the basis of what has worked in the past. While sticking to our strengths, we have aligned with international practices and actively explored new methods and areas, with a view to upgrading foreign assistance to a model of international development cooperation. It has shifted from traditional one-way, aid-based assistance to a mutually beneficial, development cooperation model; and from government-driven approaches to a more diverse participation pattern involving governments, local entities, social groups, international organizations, and others. It has shifted from the conventional model of donor-recipient relationships to a model combining aid, trade and investment, and involving governmental, social, commercial and international financing.
2021年9月，习近平主席提出全球发展倡议，为中国国际发展合作事业转型升级打造新起点，向多双边结合、多主体参与、多方向对接、多资源投入的国际发展合作迈出关键一步。习近平主席在党的二十大上宣布，中国愿加大对全球发展合作的资源投入。
In September 2021, President Xi Jinping proposed the Global Development Initiative, marking a new starting point for the transformation and upgrade of China’s international development cooperation. This marked a crucial step towards international development cooperation featuring both multilateral and bilateral cooperation, involving diverse participants, various connections and different channels of resources. President Xi Jinping announced at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that China is prepared to invest more resources in global development cooperation.
下一步，我们将继续牢记国合署推进“国际发展合作”的初衷，继续深化对外援助改革，推动对外援助转型升级，助力新时代中国特色国际发展合作事业高质量发展。
Going forward, CIDCA will stick to the goal of promoting “international development cooperation”, deepen the reform of foreign aid, advance the transformation and upgrade of foreign aid, and contribute to the high-quality development of China’s international development cooperation in the new era.
2022年11月12日，杂交水稻援外与世界粮食安全国际论坛在京举行。罗照辉署长出席论坛并讲话。
On November 12, 2022, the International Forum on Hybrid Rice Assistance and Global Food Security was held in Beijing. Chairman Luo Zhaohui attended the forum and delivered remarks.
2021年11月17日，国家国际发展合作署署长罗照辉在北京视频出席中国政府援助柬埔寨新一批疫苗交接仪式并致辞。
On November 17, 2021, Luo Zhaohui, Chairman of the China International Development Cooperation Agency, attended the Handover Ceremony of a New Batch of COVID-19 Vaccines from China to Cambodia and delivered remarks online in Beijing.
外交视界：为什么党的二十大专门强调要加大全球发展合作的资源投入？中国开展对外援助有什么特点？
Foreign Affairs Horizon：Why did the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China specifically emphasize the need to invest more resources in international development cooperation? What are the characteristics of China’s foreign aid?
罗照辉：去年8月18日，《人民日报》在国际版显著位置刊登我署撰写文章《中国对外援助展现大党大国担当》，比较系统地阐述了中国作为一个发展中国家，开展对外援助的必要性、重要性和时代意义，也阐述了中国援外“赠人玫瑰、手留余香”的特色。
Luo Zhaohui：On August 18th last year, the People’s Daily prominently published an article by our agency titled China’s Foreign Aid Demonstrates the Sense of Mission of a Major Party and a Major Country. The article elaborated on the necessity, immediate importance, and profound significance for China, a developing country, to engage in foreign aid. China’s foreign aid endeavor testifies to the saying that giving roses to others leaves a fragrance in your hand.
从历史脉络看，中国援外有着深厚的理论和实践基础，这植根于近200年的马克思主义国际主义思想，植根于5000年中华民族优秀传统文化，植根于中国共产党百年奋斗历史和新中国74年援外实践。南南合作是中国开展国际发展合作的基本定位。中国秉持“共同但有区别的责任”原则，坚持南北合作的主渠道地位，南南合作作为南北合作主渠道的有益补充，承担与自身发展阶段和实际能力相适应的国际责任。
From a historical perspective, China’s foreign aid has its theoretical and practical foundation, stemed from nearly 200 years of Marxist internationalism, rooted in China’s 5,000 years of fine traditional culture, Chinese Communist Party’s century-long history, and 74 years of foreign aid practices by the People’s Republic of China. China’s international development cooperation is based on South-South Cooperation. We stay committed to the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”. We stick on to the North-South Cooperation as the main channel, and we take South-South cooperation as a condusive supplement. We bear international responsibilities commensurate with our development stage and capabilities.
从时代意义看，我们开展对外援助，首先，是为了践行习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和习近平外交思想。习近平主席把握时代脉搏，继承和发扬马克思主义关于国际主义人道主义思想，并与天下大同的中华传统文化相结合，创造性提出人类命运共同体理念。“胸怀天下”是党百年奋斗的重要历史经验，为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同是党不变的初心。对外援助是努力实现人类命运共同体的伟大实践，也是中国共产党初心使命在人类进步事业中的崇高体现。
In terms of its profound significance, first and foremost, we engage in foreign aid to act on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy. President Xi Jinping, who grasps the pulse of the times, puts forth the ingenious and important vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind, by inheriting and developing Marxist thought on internationalism and humanitarianism, and by integrating the thought with China’s traditional culture which values harmony among nations. Maintaining a global vision is the major historical experience gained from the Party’s century-long endeavor, and striving for human progress and world harmony is the Party’s founding purpose. China’s foreign aid is an endeavor towards building a community with a shared future for mankind. It also embodies the abiding goals of the Communist Party of China to advance the cause of human progress.
其次，是为了巩固深化同广大发展中国家友好合作，扩大朋友圈，谋求共同繁荣发展。1950年，刚刚成立的新中国克服重重困难，竭尽全力支持其他国家民族独立运动。70多年来，中华民族从积贫积弱逐步走向繁荣富强。中国人民不仅希望自己过得好，也希望别人过得好，愿在力所能及的范围内，为其他发展中国家加快发展作出贡献。当前国际形势并不太平，中国开展对外援助，引领南南合作，凝聚发展共识的重要性和紧迫性日益上升。
Furthermore, we aim to consolidate and deepen friendly cooperation with the rest of the developing world, and expand our circle of friends in pursuit of common prosperity and development. In 1950, shortly after its founding, New China overcame numerous difficulties to support the national independence movements of other countries. Over the past 70 years, the Chinese nation has emerged from poverty and weakness to prosperity and development. The Chinese people not only strive for their own well-being but also for the well-being of other peoples. We seek to contribute to the accelerated development of other developing countries within our capability. Against a fluid international landscape, it is of greater urgency and importance for China to conduct foreign aid, spearhead South-South cooperation and build consensus on development.
第三，是为了回馈国际社会善举，履行中国的大国责任担当。回顾历史，新中国建设和改革开放都得到国际社会支持和帮助。中国不仅是发展中国家，也是联合国创始成员国和安理会常任理事国。中国援助是发展中国家之间的“穷帮穷”。积极开展援外和国际发展合作，是中国作为负责任大国的应有之义。
Thirdly, we aim to give back to the international community and fulfill China’s responsibilities as a major country. A review of history shows that we have received international support and assistance in the construction of New China and the reform and opening-up. China is not only a developing country but also a founding member of the United Nations and a permanent member of the UN Security Council. Our aid programs are part of mutual assistance among developing countries. As a major country, what China should do is actively carrying out foreign aid and international development cooperation.
第四，是为了服务国内高质量发展，推动高水平开放。援外在帮助受援国发展经济、改善民生的同时，有效带动我优质产品、先进技术、行业标准走出去，发挥了重要的“四两拨千斤”作用。援外对带动我与受援国贸易投资合作，深化我与世界各国全方位交往，并为我国经济社会发展营造良好外部环境的作用更加突出。
Lastly, we aim to serve high-quality development at home and promote high-level opening-up. Helping recipient countries develop their economies and improve livelihoods facilitates the export of our quality products. Meanwhile it also plays a pivotal role in promoting our technologies and industry standards. Foreign aid programs also boost trade, investment cooperation, and deepen exchanges in all sectors between China and other countries, and creat a favorable external environment for our economic and social development.
说到中国援外的特点，中国的对外援助和国际发展合作属于南南合作，模式独树一帜，深受受援国欢迎。在合作理念上，坚持共商共建共享共赢、不干涉内政、不附加任何政治条件，坚持量力而行、尽力而为；在合作渠道上，从政府援助为主渠道、重视双边，逐步向援助主体多元化、双多边结合转型；在合作方式上，注重软硬结合，对外援助与互利合作结合，对接受援国发展战略，实现经济互补与共同发展。注重援外监督评估，加强项目全链条监管，防范廉政风险，提高项目质量；在合作类型上，发挥成套项目、物资和技术援助、人力资源开发合作、紧急人道主义救援等传统优势，更加注重“小而美、惠民生”项目。
In terms of the characteristics of China’s foreign aid, it is based on South-South cooperation with unique approaches and is well-received by recipient countries. In terms of cooperation principles, we follow the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, we adhere to non-interference in internal affairs, no attaching of political conditions and we insist on doing what we can within the limits of our capacity. In terms of cooperation channels, we gradually transit from the model of prioritizing government aid and emphasizing bilateral cooperation to the model of involving more diverse assistance-providers while combining bilateral and multilateral channels. In terms of cooperation approach, we apply dual approaches, combining foreign aid with mutually beneficial cooperation, aligning with recipient countries’ development strategies, and working for economic complementarity and common growth. We also emphasize monitoring and assessing the result of foreign aid, strengthen comprehensive project supervision, prevent corruption risks, and enhance project quality. In terms of cooperation types, while leveraging traditional strengths in complete projects, materials and technical assistance, human resource development cooperation, and emergency humanitarian relief, we also pay more attention to “small yet smart” livelihood projects.
2022年4月25日，青蒿素问世50周年暨助力共建人类卫生健康共同体国际论坛在京举行。罗照辉署长出席论坛并讲话。
On April 25, 2022, the International Forum on the 50th Anniversary of the Discovery of Artemisinin and on Building a Global Community of Health for All was held in Beijing. Chairman Luo Zhaohui attended the forum and delivered remarks. |
